Python Args and Kwargs

Python args and kwargs Made Easy args and *kwargs may seem scary, but the truth is that they are not that difficult to grasp and have the power to grant your functions with lots of flexibility.

Read the article Python *args and **kwargs Made Easy for a more in deep introduction.

Args and Kwargs

*args and **kwargs allow you to pass an undefined number of arguments and keywords when calling a function.

>>> def some_function(*args, **kwargs):
...     pass
...
>>> # call some_function with any number of arguments
>>> some_function(arg1, arg2, arg3)

>>> # call some_function with any number of keywords
>>> some_function(key1=arg1, key2=arg2, key3=arg3)

>>> # call both, arguments and keywords
>>> some_function(arg, key1=arg1)

>>> # or none
>>> some_function()

Python conventions The words args and *kwargs are conventions. They are not imposed by the interpreter, but considered good practice by the Python community.

args

You can access the arguments through the args variable:

>>> def some_function(*args):
...     print(f'Arguments passed: {args} as {type(args)}')
...
>>> some_function('arg1', 'arg2', 'arg3')
# Arguments passed: ('arg1', 'arg2', 'arg3') as <class 'tuple'>

kwargs

Keywords are accessed through the kwargs variable:

>>> def some_function(**kwargs):
...     print(f'keywords: {kwargs} as {type(kwargs)}')
...
>>> some_function(key1='arg1', key2='arg2')
# keywords: {'key1': 'arg1', 'key2': 'arg2'} as <class 'dict'>